📘 Spring Data JPA Interview Questions (with Answers, Explanations & Use Cases) 1. What is JPA and how is it related to Spring Data JPA? Answer: JPA (Java Persistence API) is a Java specification for managing relational data. Spring Data JPA is a part of Spring Data that simplifies JPA usage by reducing boilerplate code. Use Case: Persisting Java objects (like User ) to a relational database without writing SQL. 2. What are the key annotations used in JPA? Answer: @Entity , @Table , @Id , @GeneratedValue , @Column , @ManyToOne , @OneToMany , etc. Explanation: These annotations map Java objects to database tables and relationships. Use Case: Creating a User entity with an auto-generated ID and fields mapped to table columns. 3. What is the difference between JPA and Hibernate? Answer: JPA is a specification; Hibernate is an implementation of that specification. Use Case: Using Hibernate as the default JPA provider in Spring Boot. 4. How do you define a p...